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Suction process and pumping process of oil injection pumps

The fuel injection pump is an important part of the automobile diesel engine. The fuel injection pump assembly is usually composed of the fuel injection pump, governor and other components installed together. Among them, the governor is a component that ensures the low-speed operation of the diesel engine and the restriction of the maximum speed to ensure that a certain relationship between the injection volume and the speed is maintained. The fuel injection pump is the most important component of the diesel engine, which can be regarded as the “heart” part of the diesel engine, and once it has a problem, the entire diesel engine will work abnormally.
Fuel injection pumps can be divided into three types: plunger fuel injection pump, fuel injection pump-injector and rotor distribution fuel injection pump. The fuel injection pump is mainly composed of four parts: pump mechanism, oil supply adjustment mechanism, drive mechanism and fuel injection pump body. The oil pump mechanism includes plunger couplings, oil outlet valve couplings, etc.
Oil suction process of fuel injection pump: the plunger is driven by the cam of the camshaft, when the convex part of the cam leaves the plunger, the plunger moves down under the action of the plunger spring, the volume of the oil chamber increases, and the pressure decreases; When the radial inlet hole on the plunger sleeve is exposed, the fuel in the low-pressure oil chamber flows down the inlet into the pump chamber. Oil pumping process: when the protruding part of the cam lifts the plunger, the volume in the pump chamber decreases, the pressure increases, and the fuel flows back to the low-pressure oil chamber along the radial oil hole on the plunger sleeve; When the plunger goes up to completely plug the radial oil hole on the plunger sleeve, the pressure on the pump chamber increases rapidly; When this pressure overcomes the preload of the oil outlet valve spring, the oil outlet valve moves up; When the pressure reducing ring belt on the outlet valve leaves the valve seat, the high-pressure diesel fuel is pumped into the high-pressure oil pipe and injected into the cylinder through the injector.
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Post time: Dec-03-2022